Accounting
Students who choose accounting as a major have an excellent foundation for exploring a wide variety of career paths. The majority of our majors begin their careers in the Big 4 and middle market public accounting firms. However, larger corporations that offer financial leadership rotation programs are also an excellent choice to begin their careers. Given that finance is based on an understanding of accounting, accounting majors have also gone directly into positions in finance (e.g., private equity). Accounting alumni have become partners in Big 4 firms and investment firms, CEOs and CFOs of large corporations, serial entrepreneurs, leaders in the not-for-profit sector, business school deans and philanthropists.
Accounting Minor
Students who recognize the benefits of an accounting background but wish to pursue another major should consider our accounting minor.
The CPA Exam
The flexibility of Bucknell’s accounting major enables students to satisfy the educational requirements established by many states to sit for the CPA exam (students interested in a particular state should contact its State Board of Accountancy to determine its specific rules and regulations). Flexibility exists in how students may earn the semester hours required to accommodate state-specific variations in licensing requirements. Although faculty will advise students concerning course selection, the student is responsible for choosing courses and experiences that meet a specific state's requirements to sit for the CPA exam.
Accounting Major Requirements
Accounting majors must take the following eight courses:
| ACFM 114 | Foundations of Accounting II | 1 |
| ACFM 201 | Business Law | 1 |
| ACFM 321 | Intermediate Financial Accounting I | 1 |
| ACFM 322 | Intermediate Financial Accounting II | 1 |
| ACFM 324 | Individual Federal Income Taxes | 1 |
| ACFM 327 | Auditing & Assurance | 1 |
| ACFM 329 | Accounting Information and Analytics | 1 |
| ACFM 330 | Managerial Accounting and Quantitative Decision Making | 1 |
| CE Requirement | ||
| ACFM 323 | Advanced Financial Accounting | 1 |
| or ACFM 327 | Auditing & Assurance | |
| or ACFM 420 | Accounting Seminar | |
Culminating Experience
All BSBA majors must satisfy the Culminating Experience component of the Freeman College of Management General Education Curriculum by taking a course designated as such on campus no earlier than the second semester of the junior year.
Accounting majors fulfill this requirement by successfully completing one of the following: ACFM 323 Advanced Financial Accounting, ACFM 327 Auditing & Assurance or ACFM 420 Accounting Seminar.
| First Year | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credits | First Semester | Credits | Second Semester | Credits | |
| Either Semester | MGMT 100# | .5 | ACFM 104# | 1 | |
| ANOP 102# | 1 | MGMT 101 (Should not double with lab science) | 1 | ||
| ECON 101 | 1 | ||||
| 2 | 0.5 | 2 | |||
| Sophomore | |||||
| Credits | First Semester | Credits | Second Semester | Credits | |
| Either Semester | MIDE 201 | 1 | ACFM 321#, So/Jr | 1 | |
| ACFM 114 | 1 | ||||
| ACFM 124# | 1 | ||||
| ACFM 329 | 1 | ||||
| ANOP 202# | 1 | ||||
| 4 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Junior | |||||
| Credits | First Semester | Credits | Second Semester | Credits | |
| Either Semester | ACFM 322 (Fall semester only)#, Jr/Sr | 1 | ACFM 330Jr/Sr | 1 | |
| ACFM 201 | 1 | ACFM 324 (Fall semester only)Jr/Sr | 1 | ||
| ACFM 327CE, Jr/Sr | 1 | ||||
| MORS 302 or MIDE 345Jr/Sr | 1 | ||||
| 3 | 2 | 1 | |||
| Total Credits: 16.5 | |||||
Accounting majors are recommended to complete the following elective courses in preparation for material covered on the CPA exam: ACFM 202, ACFM 323 (Sr, CE) and ACFM 325 (Spring semester only, Jr/Sr).
- CE
Qualifies for Culminating Experience if taken spring of junior year or either semester of senior year.
- #
Must be taken in numerical order as each serves as a prerequisite for the next.
- So/Jr
May be taken sophomore or junior year.
- Jr/Sr
May be taken junior or senior year.
Accounting Minor
Students who recognize the benefits of an accounting background but wish to pursue another major should consider completing a minor in accounting. This course of study first provides a foundation in financial accounting and then allows students to choose courses that align with their particular area of interest.
The minor in accounting consists of five courses in the discipline, as follows. First, students must take the following three courses:
| ACFM 104 | Foundations of Accounting I 1 | 1 |
| ACFM 114 | Foundations of Accounting II | 1 |
| ACFM 321 | Intermediate Financial Accounting I | 1 |
- 1
All BSBA students are exempt from taking ACFM 104 as a requirement of the accounting minor, thus only needing the other four requirements to complete the minor.
| In addition, students must choose two courses from the following list: | 2 | |
| Intermediate Financial Accounting II | ||
| Advanced Financial Accounting | ||
| Individual Federal Income Taxes | ||
| Corporate, Partnership, Gift & Estate Taxes | ||
| Auditing & Assurance | ||
| Accounting Information and Analytics | ||
| Managerial Accounting and Quantitative Decision Making | ||
| Accounting Seminar | ||
Drawing upon their professional and liberal education, Freeman College of Management students will be able to collaboratively create positive societal impacts through:
Analysis
- Students will demonstrate the ability to understand organizations and analyze them rigorously.
Integrity
- Students will possess the judgment, vision and integrity necessary to serve society and their professions.
Morality
- Students will identify creative and morally responsible solutions to organizational and societal issues.
Beyond these Freeman College learning goals, graduates of the Accounting & Financial Management program will complete a curriculum designed to develop the critical thinking, technical, problem-solving, communication and interpersonal skills necessary to achieve the highest level of success in accounting and financial management careers. Specific educational objectives of our program of study include:
- Enhance students’ communication skills.
- Facilitate development of effective interpersonal and leadership skills.
- Adequately prepare students seeking professional certifications.
- Exercise and hone students’ analytical skills.
- Enhance students’ awareness and use of information technology and systems.
- Heighten each student’s understanding of the global infrastructure of today’s business operations.
- Raise student awareness of the ethical ramifications of business transactions.
- Impress upon students that a market-based economic system cannot function without citizens’ ability to understand accounting and financial information.
To accomplish our goals, we moved the curriculum away from a traditional rules-based financial statement preparation approach and focus more on the concepts underlying financial reporting and financial management. This move improves financial literacy and provides an opportunity for our students to investigate specialized fields of accounting and finance (e.g., public accounting, corporate accounting and finance, investments, investment and commercial banking, etc.). Our approach emphasizes activities that require students to analyze information and communicate their conclusions, thus developing their decision-making abilities and professional judgment.
Courses
ACFM 104. Foundations of Accounting I. 1 Credit.
Offered Both Fall and Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Introduction to accounting and financial management including financial statement preparation and analysis, cost relationships, time value of money and capital budgeting.
ACFM 114. Foundations of Accounting II. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Covers general purpose financial statements, the theoretical framework that underlies the measurement of income and asset and liability valuation. Prerequisite: ACFM 104. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 204.
ACFM 124. Corporate Finance. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
Concepts, principles and recent innovations in corporate finance: risk and return, valuation, capital budgeting and structure, dividend policy, financial planning, risk management. Prerequisite: ACFM 104. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 203.
ACFM 150. Finance Speaker Series. .5 Credits.
Offered Both Fall and Spring; Lecture hours:1,Other:1
The Finance Speaker Series provides students, early in their college careers, a comprehensive view of the opportunities in the financial services industry. Students will meet and engage with professionals that have invaluable knowledge/experience in investment management, private equity, wealth management, venture capital, accounting, corporate finance and entrepreneurial endeavors. Repeatable once.
ACFM 151. Principles of Real Estate. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This class will provide an overview of the real estate industry including roles, activities and players in the industry; basic legal aspects of ownership and various contracts; and the valuation of various real estate assets and debt instruments. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 266.
ACFM 201. Business Law. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
Introduction to business law. Topics include contracts, the Uniform Commercial Code, agency and business structures. No first-years.
ACFM 202. Business Law II. .5 Credits.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:2
This course will provide an overview of, at a minimum: property- real, personal and intellectual; crimes related to business; intentional torts and product liability; government regulation, including antitrust and consumer protection; an introduction to trusts and estates; and environmental protection. Prerequisite: ACFM 201. No first-years.
ACFM 210. Managerial Finance. 1 Credit.
Offered Both Fall and Spring; Lecture hours:3
Financial analysis, forecasting, and valuation of projects and companies incorporating risk-return tradeoffs and capital structure and dividend decisions. Employs 10-K research and presentations. Prerequisite: ACFM 104.
ACFM 250. Personal Finance. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course is open to all students from all colleges with no prerequisites. It follows a very practical approach to help students understand their finances and feel confident making decisions about budgeting, taxes, saving and investing, managing debt/credit and purchasing insurance (e.g., health, auto, disability, life). No accounting or finance majors. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 205.
ACFM 251. Real Estate Market Analysis. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course introduces the tools used to evaluate real estate markets including demand drivers, supply conditions, pricing trends and project feasibility. Students learn to interpret market data, assess investment potential and apply analytical frameworks to real-world property decisions. Prerequisite: ACFM 151 or ACFM 266.
ACFM 252. Negotiations & Conflict Management. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course will teach students how to prepare for negotiations and address conflicts. This includes learning negotiation strategies in theory and applying them in simulations. The course will give students the tools to increase their chances of success in negotiations. No first-years. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 335.
ACFM 253. History of the Securities Markets. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
Traces how the United States has become an "equity nation" where most citizens own common stock. Also explores pivotal moments in stock market history. Junior/Senior only. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 391.
ACFM 267. The Global Flow of Capital. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course will explore the challenges of financial management in a global context. Prerequisite: ACFM 271 or ACFM 362 or permission of the instructor. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 367.
ACFM 269. Commercial Real Estate Analysis and Investments. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course examines the valuation, financing and investment strategies for commercial properties. Students analyze market trends, assess risk and return and apply financial models to evaluate acquisition, development and portfolio management decisions in real-world commercial real estate markets. Prerequisite: ACFM 251.
ACFM 270. Financial Statement Analysis. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
Students will read, analyze/interpret financial disclosures at a more sophisticated level and learn statement analysis to make judgments about the quality of reported earnings, to forecast future results and to value companies. Prerequisites: (ACFM 114 or ACFM 204) and (ACFM 124 or ACFM 203) and (MATH 192 or MATH 201 or MATH 216 or STAT 216). Equivalent to ACFM 361.
ACFM 271. Investments. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
Principles of investment practice and theory. Emphasis on the fundamentals of intangible investments (equities, debt and derivative instruments). Prerequisites: (ACFM 270 or ACFM 361) and ANOP 102 and (PSYC 215 or MATH 192 or MATH 201 or MATH 216 or STAT 216) or permission of the instructor. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 362.
ACFM 272. Advanced Corporate Finance. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
Students integrate principles and strategies from accounting, statistics, finance and economics to understand complex financial topics including-mergers/acquisitions, valuation, financing, risk management and corporate governance. Prerequisites: (ACFM 124 or ACFM 203) and (ACFM 270 or ACFM 361 or concurrent enrollment) and (MATH 192 or MATH 201 or MATH 216 or STAT 216). Not open to students who have taken ACFM 372.
ACFM 280. Entrepreneurial Finance. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course focuses on financial decisions faced by new ventures, considering the viewpoints entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. Topics include opportunity identification, business valuation, financing methods/strategy, venture capital, compensating/attracting employees and exit (harvest). Financing methods covered include traditional routes and newer ones such as crowdfunding and ICO. Prerequisite: ACFM 104. Junior/Senior only. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 383.
ACFM 281. Fundamentals of ESG Investing. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course will provide an introduction to sustainable investing and will explore what is meant by ESG (environmental, social, governance). We will consider the different ways to integrate ESG factors into the investment process within the three main investment types: debt, equity and real estate. No first-years. Not open to students who have completed ACFM 384.
ACFM 290. Behavioral Finance. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course explores the role of psychology in understanding many fundamental topics in finance. Topics include psychological foundations of behavioral finance, stock return anomalies and behavioral corporate finance. Prerequisites: ACFM 124 or ACFM 203 and (MATH 192 or MATH 201 or MATH 216 or STAT 216). Junior/Senior only. Not open to students who have taken ACFM 382.
ACFM 295. Student Managed Investment Fund I. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Students serve as junior portfolio analysts working alongside senior analysts in a collaborative environment managing a real dollar investment portfolio gaining hands-on experience while deepening understanding of the finance industry and preparing for professional certifications. Prerequisites: ACFM 124 or ACFM 203 or permission of the instructor. Open to sophomores and juniors. Finance majors only. Equivalent to ACFM 375.
ACFM 310. Independent Study. .25-2 Credits.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:Varies; Repeatable
Individual study or projects, supervised by instructor. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.
ACFM 311. Teaching Assistant in Accounting & Financial Management. .5-1 Credits.
Offered Both Fall and Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:3,Other:1; Repeatable
Teaching assistant in an accounting or finance class, supervised by the instructor. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.
ACFM 314. Special Topics in Accounting & Financial Management (.5 course credit). .5 Credits.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:2; Repeatable
Topic is specific to the semester offered. Course description will be provided prior to registration. Identical course topic may not be repeated if taken in a previous semester under a different course subject prefix. Prerequisites, if any, will be established by instructor each semester.
ACFM 315. Special Topics in Accounting and Financial Management. 1 Credit.
Topics course,Offered Fall, Spring or Summer; Lecture hours:Varies; Repeatable
A seminar on selected topics in accounting and financial management. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.
ACFM 321. Intermediate Financial Accounting I. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
Accounting theory and practice applicable to income determination and asset valuation. This course develops students' understanding of the accounting and financial reporting environment. Prerequisites: ACFM 114 or ACFM 204.
ACFM 322. Intermediate Financial Accounting II. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
A continuation of ACFM 321. Topics include: investments, debt, leases, pensions, deferred taxes, EPS, equity, and cash flows. Prerequisite: ACFM 321.
ACFM 323. Advanced Financial Accounting. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Accounting theory and practice applicable to business combinations and additional advanced topics related to financial reporting. Prerequisite: ACFM 322 or concurrent enrollment.
ACFM 324. Individual Federal Income Taxes. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Survey of federal income taxes with emphasis on individual tax law, practice and planning. Prerequisite: ACFM 104. No first-years.
ACFM 325. Corporate, Partnership, Gift & Estate Taxes. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Advanced topics in federal income, gift and estate taxation, with primary emphasis on corporate and pass-through entity tax law, practice and planning. Prerequisite: ACFM 324.
ACFM 327. Auditing & Assurance. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
This course helps students develop a strong foundation for quality professional judgments to support the practice of auditing by examining professional and ethical standards and understanding the audit process. Prerequisites: ACFM 321 and ACFM 329 or concurrent enrollment. Junior/Senior only.
ACFM 328. Topics in Accounting. .5-1 Credits.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:Varies; Repeatable
Topic for this course is specific to the semester the course is offered and will be listed in the course guide at the time of registration.
ACFM 329. Accounting Information and Analytics. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Students will learn how accounting information is stored in databases and how to retrieve and process that information using analytical techniques to provide useful information for decision-making. Prerequisites: ACFM 321 and ANOP 102, or permission of the instructor.
ACFM 330. Managerial Accounting and Quantitative Decision Making. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
An emphasis on how managers apply statistical modeling, forecasting, data visualization and operations research techniques to the analysis of business operations and performance using internal accounting data. Prerequisites: ACFM 329 or concurrent enrollment.
ACFM 363. Topics in Financial Management. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:3; Repeatable
Topic for this course is specific to the semester the course is offered and will be listed in the course guide at the time of registration. Prerequisites, if any, will be set by the instructor.
ACFM 364. Topics in Financial Markets. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:3; Repeatable
Topic for this course is specific to the semester the course is offered and will be listed in the course guide at the time of registration. Prerequisites, if any, will be set by the instructor of each course.
ACFM 366. Topics in Real Estate. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:3; Repeatable
Topic for this course is specific to the semester the course is offered and will be listed in the course description at the time of registration. Prerequisites, if any, will be set by the instructor.
ACFM 370. Fixed Income. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course provides an understanding of different fixed income offerings: government/municipal/corporate bonds, and MBS. Students will understand the relationship between the price, measures of return and measures of risk of a bond. Prerequisite: ACFM 271. Junior/Senior only.
ACFM 371. Private Wealth Management. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course explores strategies for managing individual and family wealth, including asset allocation, portfolio construction, tax-aware planning, and risk management. Students learn how advisors assess client goals, design long-term financial plans, and apply tools to support informed, values-aligned financial decisions. Prerequisites: ACFM 271 or ACFM 322 or ACFM 362. Junior/Senior only.
ACFM 373. Risk & Portfolio Management. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course explores strategies for identifying, measuring, and managing financial risk within investment portfolios. Students learn portfolio construction, asset allocation, diversification, and risk-adjusted performance analysis, applying quantitative tools to optimize returns while mitigating exposure in dynamic financial markets. Prerequisites: ACFM 271 or ACFM 362. Junior/Senior only.
ACFM 374. Quantitative Investment Strategies. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course explores quantitative investment strategies used by hedge funds. Students learn to use python and data science techniques to backtest and implement several of the most successful investment strategies. The course also covers issues related to performance measurement, transaction costs, risk management and portfolio construction. Prerequisite: ACFM 271 or ACFM 362. Junior/Senior only.
ACFM 376. International Finance. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course examines how exchange rates, global capital markets and cross-border financial decisions shape multinational business. Students learn to analyze international financial conditions, assess currency and country risk and apply key tools used by firms operating in an interconnected global economy. Prerequisite: ACFM 271 or ACFM 362.
ACFM 378. Investment Banking. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course provides an introduction to the world of investment banking. Students will gain a solid understanding of the key roles and responsibilities of investment bankers in facilitating corporate finance and asset management activities. Prerequisites: ACFM 271 or ACFM 362 or permission of the instructor. Open to juniors, seniors and 4th year of 5-Year engineers.
ACFM 381. Derivatives. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3
This course focuses on the use of derivative securities, particularly listed stock and index options, to shape the risk and return characteristics of a well-diversified portfolio. Prerequisites: ACFM 271 or ACFM 362 and (MATH 192 or MATH 201 or MATH 216 or STAT 216).
ACFM 395. Student Managed Investment Fund II. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring; Lecture hours:3,Other:1
Students serve as senior analysts or portfolio managers, managing a real dollar investment portfolio in a collaborative, team-based environment. The course provides hands-on experience in personnel management, portfolio construction, risk assessment, performance evaluation and client reporting. Prerequisites: ACFM 270 or ACFM 361 and ACFM 295 and permission of the instructor. Equivalent to ACFM 476.
ACFM 400. Honors Course in Accounting & Financial Management. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:Varies,Other:3
Special and independent studies for Accounting and Financial Management majors selected under guidelines of the College and the University Honors Council. Honors thesis required. Prerequisites: nomination by the College and permission of the instructor.
ACFM 420. Accounting Seminar. 1 Credit.
Offered Either Fall or Spring,Topics course; Lecture hours:3
An integrative seminar usually offered once each academic year. Can fulfill culminating experience requirement for ACFM-CPA track majors. The course may include: SEC regulation, financial analysis, probability and statistics, macroeconomics, managerial finance, personal finance and behavioral aspects of accounting. Prerequisites: ACFM 203 or ACFM 124 and ACFM 322. Only open to seniors and accounting and finance majors.
Faculty
Associate Professors: Kylie (Seward) Aikey (Practice), David E. Jensen, Stacy Mastrolia, Curtis Nicholls, Kate Suslava
Assistant Professors: Amber Lawson, James G. Lawson, Julie Mercado, Vernan Rivera, Daniel A. Street